New research finds the genes that shape dog behavior predate modern breeding efforts, which primarily have focused on appearance and, on average, breed only accounts for about 9% of the variations in any given dog's behavior. "This is one of the first papers to really do impressive dog genomics work using mixed breed dogs. And this paper just shows how valuable those populations can be," said Evan Maclean, director of the Arizona Canine Cognition Center at the University of Arizona who was not involved in the study.